01. Pan-Commonwealth Forum 1 (PCF1), 1999
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- ItemOpen AccessA Business Led Approach to Open Learning(1999-03) Horsfield, TonyPCF1 // A business-led approach // There is a trend throughout the world for organizations to invest predominately in development that will support their business goals and change. Organizations are also increasingly expecting individual members of their workforce to manage their own learning and commit a great proportion of their free time to company-led learning initiatives. Open Learning is seen by many organizations as on ideal vehicle for developing their people, so long as the development results in a competent work force and an improvement in business performance. //
- ItemOpen AccessA Case Study in Sharing Materials in Namibia - Launching the University of Namibia’s First External Degree: The Costs of Sharing(1999-03) Dodds, TonyPCF1 // Working paper presented by Tony Dodds at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessA Changing Role for Teachers On-Line: A Case Study in Higher Education in Australia(1999-03) Postle, Glen; Ellerton, NeridaPCF1 // Over the past two years, the Faculty of Education at the University of Southern Queensland (USQ), in conjunction with the University’s Distance Education Centre, has offered a Graduate Certificate in Open and Distance Learning. This course is taught fully via the World Wide Web (WWW), with all content presentation, teacher-learner and learner-learner interactions, assignment submissions and feedback being done on-line and via email. This Graduate Certificate has now been further developed into a Masters Degree program which will be offered solely on-line. // Both programs require of students and staff a different level of interactivity from what has been the pattern in on-campus programs and traditional distance education programs previously delivered via print and other media. // This paper examines the nature of these differences and explores the complexity of the task of teaching on-line. //
- ItemOpen AccessA commonwealth 'Credit Bank'(1999-03) Pollard, Derek; Sykes, Stephen; Young, LyndaPCF1 // In March 1995 the Commonwealth of Learning (CoL) commissioned the UK Open University to explore the establishment of a Commonwealth 'credit bank'. The final report was published in February 1997, Adam et al (1997). // Two main functions were envisaged: // · The establishment of Commonwealth-wide credit equivalencies for distance learning courses; // · The provision of a central agency through which the credit could be accumulated and applied to credentials. // The study drew on earlier work by the CoL which identified the advantages of developing credit transfer arrangements between Commonwealth distance education programmes. // Recent pedagogic developments have resulted in universities worldwide exploring ways of crediting students' previous learning, facilitating student mobility, encouraging the recognition of qualifications for academic and vocational purposes and collaborating in the production of course materials. Technological developments, particularly the rapid increase in the availability of the internet, have opened up new possibilities and potential demand for the transfer of learning credit. // In view of this and changed economic circumstances we have revised our original proposals. This paper seeks to make discuss those proposals, and to provide a background to the discussion of case studies. //
- ItemOpen AccessA Critical Assessment of Learner Support Services Provided by the Zimbabwe Open University(1999-03) Benza, Timothy E S; Chitsika, Ruben; Mvere, Farai S; Nyakupinda, Darlington; Mugadzaweta, Julius GPCF1 // Working paper presented by Timothy E. S. Benza, Ruben Chitsika, Farai S. Mvere, Darlington Nyakupinda, and Julius G. Mugadzaweta, at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessA Modular Approach to Educational Technology Professional Development Among Post-Secondary Educators in Alberta, Canada(1999-03) Szabo, Michael; Ally, Mohamed; Fricker, William; Poon, Richard; Wright, Clayton RPCF1 // Working paper presented by Michael Szabo, Mohamed Ally, William Fricker, Richard Poon, and Clayton R Wright, at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessA Practical Approach to On-Line Course Development in Malaysia(1999-03) Sapiyan, M; Fadzil, Mansor; Kaur, AbtarPCF1 // Many universities in Malaysia started their open learning programs early this decade. The University of Malaya began its own program in 1994. Since then many has debated the wisdom of the program. However, with the recent advancement made in the computer technology we, in the University of Malaya, have accepted that open learning is here to stay. Thus, our effort now concentrates on how the program can be made to work effectively. // Our concern about the effectiveness of open learning is supported by recent studies on open learning. The failure rate among students, who followed these programs, were found to be very high; in some cases as high as 60 to 70 percent (Gan, 1998). Although a high dropout rate in the range of 30 to 50 percent is not uncommon for open learning programs, the figures should be closer to the lower end of the range after a few years (Moore and Kearsley, 1996). Many factors contributed to the failure rate. They range from lack of proper facilities to the attitude among students and teachers involved in the program. Many students do not have internet-ready computers to access materials for their courses. Some students were just not ready to follow such a program, where they have to endure the consequences of working independently most of the time, particularly the feeling of alienation and isolation. Not all teachers were ready either. Some are not sufficiently committed to adjust their teaching to suit distance learning, involving much distance communication. // In view of the above problem, we in the Multimedia Development Centre, University of Malaya (MDCUM) started developing a template of the Online Course for the university, which will be a stepping stone towards the development of an effective learning model for the university and other higher institutions. Our approach takes the view that the teachers are the best people to handle the instruction, though a shift in their teaching paradigm may be required. //
- ItemOpen AccessA Survey of Student Support Services for Networking among Various Open Universities - A Comparison(1999-03) Rastogi, SatishPCF1 // Working paper presented by Satish Rastogi at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessAcademic Standards of Extension and Satellite Programmes of Nigerian Universities: Management and Control(1999-03) Ali, AnthonyPCF1 // Working paper presented by Anthony Ali at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessAccessing Global Information: Locating the Right Information in an Information Abundant Society(1999-03) Gehling, Joanna; Booker, DiPCF1 // Working paper presented by Joanna Gehling and Di Booker at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessActive Learning and Open Learning (Case Study)(1999-03) Greene, JudithPCF1 // Working paper presented by Judith Greene at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessAn Analysis of Learner Performance in Different Groups of Bachelor Students at YCMOU, Nashik, India: A Comparative Study(1999-03) Rastogi, Satish; Pradhan, AshokPCF1 // Working paper presented by Satish Rastogi and Ashok Pradhan at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessAn Investigation into The Indian Open University Distance Learners' Academic Self-Concept, Study Habits and Attitude Towards Distance Education: A Case Study at the Indira Gandhi National Open University In India(1999-03) Kumar, AnilPCF1 // The Constitution of India provides for equal educational opportunities for all. However, the goals envisaged in terms of overall coverage, equitable distribution and quality of education are still very distant in all stages of education. The disparities among male-female, rural-urban and region to region are especially higher and significant in higher education. // The success rate of the efforts towards overcoming these disparities has rather been low. Consequently we could not achieve anything notable during the past five decades. In view of the fact that the world today is experiencing unprecedented changes spurred by the revolution in the information technology, rapidly increasing international trade, the newly emerging global economy envisages the need for trained manpower through higher and professional education. The Government of India has expressed its commitment to promote education in a planned manner. The task, however, is daunting. Almost half of our population does not enjoy access to even basic education. The situation is really pathetic. // Formal system of education has, in general, two constraints. One is spatial and the other is temporal. Education takes place within the campus and in classrooms and laboratories. It is confined to the earlier period of one's life generally from 6 to 25 years of one's age. In the era of continuing and life long education a new class of learners has emerged and for them education does not terminate at the end of formal schooling. It is a life long process, which covers the entire life span of an individual. So we need today a system that helps transcend these limits of formal system and satisfy the learners immediate and long term needs. Distance education provides the answer to such situations. It has a prominent role to play for education of the people with focus on the human resource development. In India, we have at present eight open universities including one National open university and more than fifty directorates of distance education/ correspondence education attached with the conventional universities imparting education through distance mode mainly at the tertiary level. Besides these, there are twelve open schools including one National open school imparting education up to senior secondary level through distance mode. //
- ItemOpen AccessApplication of Total Quality Management to Library and Information Services in Indian Open Universities(1999-03) Saroja, G; Sujatha, GPCF1 // The Indian Higher Education System comprises 210 conventional universities and a single mode open universities. The conventional universities have more than a hundred years of tradition and many have international recognition as centres of excellence in specific disciplines. In this competitive educational environment, open universities in India are thriving to establish reputation by way of imparting quality education to the distance learners. The DEC, the apex body in open and distance education in India has initiated several projects to ensure quality in higher education through distance mode. It is in this context that the study of Total Quality Management (TQM) of library and information systems and services becomes crucial. // This paper intends to study the application of TQM to the provision of library and information services. //
- ItemOpen AccessAsa Briggs Lecture: Education and Bridging Work Cultures(1999-03-01) Wang, GungwuAsa Briggs Lecture presented by Professor Wang Gungwu, Director of the East Asian Institute at the National University of Singapore, at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning, 1 March 1999, Brunei Darussalam.
- ItemOpen AccessBalancing the Demands of Knowledge and Technology in an Open Learning Delivery Computer Assisted Learning Course in Australia(1999-03) Prescott, David Lochmohr; Prescott, SimPCF1 // Working paper presented by David Lochmohr Prescott and Sim Prescott at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessBritish Management Open Learning Programmes for Secondary School Leavers and Employment in Cameroon(1999-03) Honorine, Yobo A Koue FidelePCF1 // Working paper presented by Yobo A Koue Fidele Honorine at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessBuilding Networks for Mutual Benefit: The Education Network Australia and the Pursuit of Added Value(1999-03) Trask, Jan; Mason, Jon; Dellit, JillianPCF1 // Working paper presented by Jan Trask, Jon Mason, and Jillian Dellit at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //
- ItemOpen AccessChallenges of Course Development and Implementation in a Dual Mode Institution(1999-03) Kamau, J WPCF1 // Distance education has gained currency as an alternative mode of delivery because of its ability to address issues of equity in the provision of educational opportunity to people who did not go on with their education for one reason or other. It enables institutions, governments and countries to train staff, upgrade peoples' academic and professional qualifications and impart new skills without withdrawing them from their duties in nation building. Its flexibility has made it a viable alternative since it utilizes available physical, human and material resources. It is able to draw from high calibre academicians and other professionals thus maintaining the required standards and parity across similar programmes of study and by so doing dispelled perennial, negative attitudes and prejudices that this mode of delivery is second best. //
- ItemOpen AccessChange Management: How to Really Make Open Learning Work(1999-03) Williams, DennisPCF1 // Working paper presented by Dennis Williams at the First Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF1) in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. //